How many members are required to start a company in India?

In India, the requirements for starting a company depend on the type of company structure chosen. There are different types of companies recognized by the Companies Act, 2013, including private limited companies, public limited companies, and one person companies (OPCs). Let’s explore the minimum number of members required for each type of company structure.

Private Limited Company:

A pvt ltd company is the most common form of business entity in India. To have Private limited company registration in Chennai, a minimum of two members is required, and the maximum number of members is limited to 200. These members can be individuals or corporate entities.

One of the key benefits of a private limited company is limited liability, meaning the personal assets of the members are separate from the company’s liabilities.

The process of starting a private limited company involves obtaining a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for the proposed directors, acquiring a Director Identification Number (DIN), obtaining the company’s name approval, and filing the necessary incorporation documents with the Registrar of Companies (RoC).

Public Limited Company:

A public limited company is suitable for large-scale businesses planning to raise capital from the public through the sale of shares. To have public limited company registration in Chennai, a minimum of seven members is required. There is no upper limit on the maximum number of members in a public limited company.

Setting up a public limited company involves similar procedures as a private limited company, but with additional compliance requirements due to the involvement of public shareholders. These requirements include issuing a prospectus, obtaining a certificate of commencement of business, and complying with various regulations and disclosure requirements.

One Person Company (OPC):

The concept of OPC was introduced in India to provide a business structure where a single entrepreneur can start a company.

To have an OPC registration in Chennai, only one member is required. However, the member must nominate a nominee who will take over the company’s operations in the event of the member’s death or incapacitation.

An OPC provides limited liability to its member and offers certain benefits of a private limited company. The process of starting an OPC involves obtaining a DSC and DIN for the sole member, choosing a suitable name, and filing the incorporation documents with the RoC.

It is important to note that the Companies Act, 2013, mandates at least one Indian resident director for all types of companies. A resident director is an individual who has stayed in India for a total of at least 182 days in the previous calendar year.

Company formation in Chennai involves compliance with various legal and regulatory requirements, including obtaining a unique name, registering with the RoC, obtaining necessary licenses and permits, complying with tax obligations, and maintaining proper accounting records.

Thus, the minimum number of members required to start a company in India varies depending on the type of company structure chosen.

A private limited company requires a minimum of two members, a public limited company requires a minimum of seven members, and an OPC can be formed with a single member.

However, irrespective of the company structure, at least one director must be an Indian resident.

It is advisable to seek professional guidance and consult with a company secretary or a legal expert to ensure compliance with all the legal and regulatory requirements involved in Company formation in Chennai.

How do you calculate a company’s turnover?

Calculating a company’s turnover in India involves determining the total revenue generated by the company from its operations during a specific period. The turnover is an important financial metric that provides insights into a company’s performance, growth, and overall financial health.

Let’s explore how to calculate turnover in India and understand the key considerations involved.

Understand the Concept of Turnover:

Turnover refers to the total sales or revenue generated by a company within a given period. It includes all income earned from the company’s primary business activities, such as the sale of goods or services.

Turnover does not include non-operating income, such as interest income, investment gains, or one-time exceptional gains.

Identify the Components of Turnover:

To calculate turnover accurately, it is important to identify the components that contribute to the company’s revenue. This may include:

Sales Revenue:

Calculate the total revenue generated from the sale of goods or services. This can be obtained from the company’s sales records, invoices, or accounting systems.

Other Operating Revenues:

Consider any additional sources of revenue directly related to the company’s core business operations, such as rental income, royalty income, or service fees.

Excise Duty, Sales Tax, or GST:

Depending on the nature of the business, some companies may be required to collect taxes on their sales. It is important to separate these taxes from the revenue generated as they are not part of the company’s turnover.

Exclude Non-operating Income:

To calculate an accurate turnover figure, exclude non-operating income that is not directly related to the company’s core operations.

Non-operating income may include interest earned on investments, rental income from properties not related to the business, or gains from the sale of non-business assets. These should be excluded as they do not reflect the company’s operational performance.

Consider Discounts, Returns, and Allowances:

Take into account any sales discounts, returns, or allowances granted to customers. These factors can reduce the net revenue and should be deducted from the total sales figure to arrive at the accurate turnover.

Determine the Period:

Choose the specific period for which you want to calculate the turnover. It is commonly calculated on an annual basis, but it can also be calculated monthly, quarterly, or for any other desired timeframe.

Calculate the Turnover:

Once you have gathered the necessary information, you can calculate the turnover using the following formula:

Turnover = Sales Revenue + Other Operating Revenues – Sales Discounts – Returns and Allowances

Additional Considerations:

While calculating turnover, it is essential to comply with the accounting standards and guidelines applicable in India. Companies that have company formation in Chennai are required to maintain proper accounting records and follow the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) or the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS).

It is also important to consider any specific reporting requirements imposed by regulatory bodies such as the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) or the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).

These requirements may involve specific disclosures or formats for reporting turnover in financial statements or annual reports.

Additionally, if the company operates in different segments or business divisions, it may be necessary to calculate turnover separately for each segment to analyse performance accurately.

Hence, calculating a company’s turnover in India involves determining the total revenue generated from its core business activities within a specific period. It requires identifying the components of turnover, excluding non-operating income, considering discounts and returns, and adhering to accounting standards and regulatory requirements.

Accurate turnover calculation provides valuable insights for decision-making, financial analysis, and performance evaluation of a company that has the company formation in Chennai.